Calculus

Integration Techniques

Integration Techniques: Level 4 Challenges

1 2 x { x } { x } 2 x 2 x 2 d x \large \int_{1}^{\infty} \dfrac {2x\{x\} - \{x\}^2} {x^2 \lfloor x \rfloor ^2} \, dx

If the integral above can be expressed as π a b c \dfrac{\pi^a - b} c , where a , b , c a,b,c are all positive integers, find a + b + c a+b+c .

Notations:

0 sin x x e x d x = ? \large \int_0^\infty \frac {\sin x}{xe^x} \, dx = \, ?

A = 1 ( 1 u 2 1 u 4 ) d u ln u \large A = \displaystyle\int_{1}^{\infty} \left(\dfrac{1}{u^2} - \dfrac{1}{u^4}\right) \dfrac{du}{\ln u}

Find the value of e A e^A .

Let f ( x ) = x + e x 1 f(x) = x + e^x - 1 , and let f 1 ( x ) f^{-1} (x) denote theinverse functionof f ( x ) f(x) .

Then the integral e 1 + e 2 f 1 ( x ) d x \displaystyle \int_{e}^{1 + e^2} f^{-1} (x) \, dx evaluates to k 0 + k 1 e 1 + k 2 e 2 + + k n e n , k_0 + k_1 e^1 + k_2 e^2 + \cdots + k_n e^n , where k 0 , k 1 , , k n k_0, k_1, \ldots, k_n are rational numbers and e 2.718 e\approx 2.718 isEuler's number.

If the sum k 0 + k 1 + k 2 + + k n k_0 + k_1 + k_2 + \cdots + k_n can be expressed as A B , \frac{A}{B}, where A A and B B are coprime positive integers, what is A + B + n ? A+B+n?

The graph of f ( x ) = sin ( ln x ) f(x) = \sin ( \ln x ) (as shown above) looks innocent enough to noticeably oscillate as x x increases. However, as x x approaches 0 0 , the oscillations grow rapidly, making f ( x + ϵ ) f(x + \epsilon) vary greatly from f ( x ) f(x) around this region, even at very infinitesimal values of ϵ \epsilon .

That said, f ( x ) f(x) will cross the x x -axis for an infinite number of times from x = 0 x=0 to x = 1 x=1 , creating several regions of the first quadrant enclosed by the curve and the x x -axis.

If the sum of these regions is A A , then determine 1 0 5 A \big\lfloor 10^5 A \big\rfloor .

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...